class: center, middle, inverse, title-slide # 2018-02-19 Objects, Scenes, & Faces ## PSY 525.001 • Vision Science • 2018 Spring ### Rick Gilmore ### 2018-02-19 14:21:38 --- # Today's topics -- ## Objects -- ## Scenes -- ## Faces --- class: middle, center ## Reminder, [project proposal](../project-proposal.html) due **next Wednesday, 2/28** --- class: middle, center, inverse # Shape & structure --- class: middle, center <img src="http://cns-alumni.bu.edu/~slehar/HarmonicResonance/Invar1.jpg"/> <img src="http://cns-alumni.bu.edu/~slehar/HarmonicResonance/Invar2.jpg"/> ## Shape invariance (over transformations) --- class: middle, center <img src="https://nyu.databrary.org/slot/9846/-/asset/11970/download?inline=true" height=400px/> ## Self-similarity under transformations Gilmore, R.O. & Norcia, A.M. (2014). The Salience of Lower-Order, Localized Features in Highly Self-Similar Wallpaper Groups. Databrary. Retrieved February 16, 2018 from http://doi.org/10.17910/B7KS3M --- class: center, middle <img src="https://www.frontiersin.org/files/Articles/158846/fpsyg-07-00064-HTML-r1/image_m/fpsyg-07-00064-g002.jpg" height=450px/> ## Frames of reference --- class: center, middle <img src="https://media.nature.com/lw926/nature-assets/nrn/journal/v3/n7/images/nrn873-f6.gif" height=450px/> Cohen, Y. E., & Andersen, R. A. (2002). A common reference frame for movement plans in the posterior parietal cortex. *Nature Reviews Neuroscience*, *3*(7), 553–562. Retrieved from http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/nrn873 --- # How do we recognize shape? - Templates - Fourier spectra --- class: center, middle <img src="https://www.cs.unm.edu/~brayer/vision/cosines.gif" height=450px/> --- class: center, middle <img src="https://www.cs.unm.edu/~brayer/vision/brks_blks.gif" height=450px/> --- # How do we recognize shape? - Features and dimensions --- class: middle, center <img src="https://cs.brown.edu/courses/cs143/proj4a/deepNetVis_small.png"/> --- # How do we recognize shape? - Structural descriptions --- class: center, middle <img src="https://www.frontiersin.org/files/Articles/18272/fncom-06-00035-HTML/image_m/fncom-06-00035-g008.jpg"/> Rolls, E. T. (2012). Invariant Visual Object and Face Recognition: Neural and Computational Bases, and a Model, VisNet. Frontiers in computational neuroscience, 6, 35. Retrieved from http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fncom.2012.00035 --- class: middle, center Schyns, P. G., & Oliva, A. (1994). From Blobs to Boundary Edges: Evidence for Time- and Spatial-Scale-Dependent Scene Recognition. *Psychological Science*, *5*(4), 195–200. SAGE Publications Inc. Retrieved from https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1467-9280.1994.tb00500.x --- class: middle, center <img src="http://cogprints.org/707/1/scene_rewrite01.gif"/> --- class: middle, center <img src="http://cogprints.org/707/1/scene_rewrite03.gif"/> --- class: center, middle <iframe width="560" height="315" src="https://www.youtube.com/embed/LSmRDLPoN2M?rel=0" frameborder="0" allow="autoplay; encrypted-media" allowfullscreen></iframe> --- class: center, middle Kanwisher, N., McDermott, J., & Chun, M. M. (1997). The fusiform face area: a module in human extrastriate cortex specialized for face perception. The Journal of Neuroscience, 17(11), 4302–4311. Retrieved from https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/9151747 --- ## Questions to ponder - What do Kanwisher et al. mean when they say that fusiform cortex is i) a module that is ii) specialized for face perception? - What is an alternative view? --- class: center, middle <a href="http://www.jneurosci.org/content/17/11/4302"> <img src="http://www.jneurosci.org/content/jneuro/17/11/4302/F4.large.jpg" height=500px/> </a> [Kanwisher et al., 1997](http://www.jneurosci.org/content/17/11/4302) --- class: center, middle <a href="http://www.jneurosci.org/content/17/11/4302"> <img src="http://www.jneurosci.org/content/jneuro/17/11/4302/F5.large.jpg" height=500px> </a> [Kanwisher et al., 1997](http://www.jneurosci.org/content/17/11/4302) --- class: center, middle <img src="img/kanwisher-etal-F1.large.jpg" width=800px> [Kanwisher et al., 1997](http://www.jneurosci.org/content/17/11/4302) --- class: middle, center ## Alternative views <img src="https://ars.els-cdn.com/content/image/1-s2.0-S1364661313000727-gr1.jpg" height=400px> [Behrmann & Plaut, 2013](https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tics.2013.03.007) --- class: middle, center ## Faces vs. buildings <img src="https://ars.els-cdn.com/content/image/1-s2.0-S1364661313000727-gr2.jpg" height=400px> [Behrmann & Plaut, 2013](https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tics.2013.03.007) --- # Next time... ## Color Lee, T.-W., Wachtler, T., & Sejnowski, T. J. (2002). Color opponency is an efficient representation of spectral properties in natural scenes. Vision Research, 42(17), 2095–2103. Elsevier. Retrieved from https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/12169429 Nikolić, D., Lichti, P., & Singer, W. (2007). Color opponency in synaesthetic experiences. Psychological Science, 18(6), 481–486. journals.sagepub.com. Retrieved from http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1467-9280.2007.01925.x --- class: center, middle Slides created via the R package [**xaringan**](https://github.com/yihui/xaringan). Rendered HTML and supporting files are pushed to GitHub where GitHub's 'pages' feature is used to host and serve the course website.