Exam I review

2025-09-23

Rick Gilmore

Department of Psychology

Today’s topics

  • Warm-up
  • Quiz 1 review
  • Exam 1 review

Warm-up

Where are potassium (K+) ions concentrated the most?

  • A. Inside the neuron
  • B. Outside the neuron
  • C. In microglia
  • D. None of the above

Where are potassium (K+) ions concentrated the most?

  • A. Inside the neuron
  • B. Outside the neuron
  • C. In microglia
  • D. None of the above

Where are potassium (Na+) ions concentrated the most?

  • A. Inside the neuron
  • B. Outside the neuron
  • C. In microglia
  • D. None of the above

Where are potassium (Na+) ions concentrated the most?

  • A. Inside the neuron
  • B. Outside the neuron
  • C. In microglia
  • D. None of the above

In a neuron at resting potential, what force(s) act on \(Na^+\)?

  • A. Force of diffusion: pushing inward
  • B. Force of diffusion: pushing outward
  • C. Electrostatic force: pulling inward
  • D. A and C.

In a neuron at resting potential, what force(s) act on \(Na^2\)?

  • A. Force of diffusion: pushing inward
  • B. Force of diffusion: pushing outward
  • C. Electrostatic force: pulling inward
  • D. A and C.

Quiz 1

1. The image represents what type of slice?

  • A. Sagittal
  • B. Horizontal
  • C. Coronal
  • D. Axial

1. The image represents what type of slice?

  • A. Sagittal
  • B. Horizontal
  • C. Coronal
  • D. Axial

2. All of the following structures can be seen in the figure EXCEPT

  • A. Cerebellum
  • B. Corpus callosum
  • C. Lateral ventricles
  • D. Cerebral cortex

2. All of the following structures can be seen in the figure EXCEPT

  • A. Cerebellum
  • B. Corpus callosum
  • C. Lateral ventricles
  • D. Cerebral cortex

3. The figure illustrates which imaging model?

  • A. CT
  • B. PET
  • C. Magnetoencephalography (MEG)
  • D. MRI

3. The figure illustrates which imaging model?

  • A. CT
  • B. PET
  • C. Magnetoencephalography (MEG)
  • D. MRI

4. In the mid-1600s, reflexes and animal minds were thought of as ____.

  • A. Human minds
  • B. Machines
  • C. Early computers
  • D. Artificial intelligence

4. In the mid-1600s, reflexes and animal minds were thought of as ____.

  • A. Human minds
  • B. Machines
  • C. Early computers
  • D. Artificial intelligence

5. Descartes thought that this structure was the place where the soul influenced the human body’s voluntary movements.

  • A. The pons
  • B. The pituitary gland
  • C. The pineal gland
  • D. The reflexive complex

5. Descartes thought that this structure was the place where the soul influenced the human body’s voluntary movements.

  • A. The pons
  • B. The pituitary gland
  • C. The pineal gland
  • D. The reflexive complex

6. The tongue is _______________ with respect to the nose.

  • A. Ventral
  • B. Superior
  • C. Dorsal
  • D. Medial

6. The tongue is _______________ with respect to the nose.

  • A. Ventral
  • B. Superior
  • C. Dorsal
  • D. Medial

8. What is single/multi-unit recording most commonly used in?

  • A. Humans
  • B. Animals
  • C. Both
  • D. Neither

8. What is single/multi-unit recording most commonly used in?

  • A. Humans
  • B. Animals
  • C. Both
  • D. Neither

9. Electroencephalography (EEG) has ___ temporal resolution than functional MRI, but ___ spatial resolution.

  • A. better; similar
  • B. better; worse
  • C. worse; better
  • D. worse; similar

9. Electroencephalography (EEG) has ___ temporal resolution than functional MRI, but ___ spatial resolution.

  • A. better; similar
  • B. better; worse
  • C. worse; better
  • D. worse; similar

10. Which of these landmarks separates the frontal lobe from the parietal lobe?

  • A. Lateral fissure
  • B. Longitudinal fissure
  • C. Anterior cingulate gyrus
  • D. Central sulcus

10. Which of these landmarks separates the frontal lobe from the parietal lobe?

  • A. Lateral fissure
  • B. Longitudinal fissure
  • C. Anterior cingulate gyrus
  • D. Central sulcus

11. Which brain structure means “little brain”?

  • A. Tectum
  • B. Hippocampus
  • C. Cerebrum
  • D. Cerebellum

11. Which brain structure means “little brain”?

  • A. Tectum
  • B. Hippocampus
  • C. Cerebrum
  • D. Cerebellum

Exam 1 review

Neuroanatomy

  • Identify the lobes of the cerebral cortex from a brain image
  • Sulcus/fissure landmarks of frontal, temporal, parietal lobe, cerebral hemispheres
  • Identify hindbrain regions from a brain image

Neuroanatomy

  • Function, location, components of midbrain
  • Parts and role of meninges
  • Funtion of sympathetic vs. parasympathetic nervous system

Neuroanatomy

  • Function, location of hypothalamus
  • Function, location of hippocampus

Methods

  • Identify planes of section from a brain image
  • Which methods use MR, X-rays, electromagnetic fields

Cells of the brain

  • Types of glial cells, where found
  • Role of dendrites, axon
  • Unusual features of neurons (vs. other cells)

Resting potential

  • What does Na+/K+ pump do?
  • How does the force of diffusion act on K+? Na+?
  • What organic anions A- can and can’t do, where concentrated

Action potential

  • Major event(s) during rising phase of action potential, falling phase
  • Types of refratory period
  • What happens when neuron reaches threshold?
  • Function of Nodes of Ranvier

Main points

Next time

  • Exam 1

Resources

About

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References